Piles (पाइल्स,बवासीर)

ARSHA  (HAEMORRHOIDS)
Haemorrhoids are blood-filled swellings caused by dilated varicose veins. Dilatation of the veins of the internal rectal plexus constitutes the condition of the internal haemorrhoids, which are covered by mucous membrane. The dilatation of the veins commonly occurs due to any straining at stool chronic constipation etc

The position indicated as by the face of a clock at 3, 7 & 11 o‟clock position.

Causative factors is        

 1  Dietetic factors - Incompatable diet,excessive or less intake.

 2  Local irritation factors - Defective sitting, vehicle riding.

 3 .Gentic factor -                                     

 4  Hereditary- Some defects in the venous structure have been held responsible.

 5 Constipation.

 6  Prolonged Standing-

 7  Obesity- Obesity can be a factor by increasing rectal vein pressure.                                    8  Anatomical Factors:

Secondary 

                   I. Portal Obstruction

                   II. Abdominal Tumours

                   III. Straining 

                   IV. Pregnancy

                   V.Carcinoma of rectum

Haemorrhoid can be divided into three parts :-    

1.  Pedicle-This is situated in the rectum just above the ano-rectal ring. As seen through     a      proctoscope.

 2. Internal Haemorrhoid- This commences at the ano-rectal ring and ends at the                        pectinate line.

 3. An External Associated Haemorrhoid:

Airvt! àai[nae ma<skIlka ivzsiNt yt!,TaAzaRiNs tSmaÊCyNte gudmagR inraext>,  (A.H.Ni.7/1)  

Sushruta has also described about the Arsha that it can be occurred in various site and organ like Medhra, Karna, Akshi, Ghrana, Vadana, Charma, etc.

As per Charaka enumeration regarding Arsha, it is defined that the mass which is formed in Guda by pathological involvement of Twak, Mamsa and Meda. More ever it is also opined by Charaka that a projection which is produced in Guda is called Arsha while in other places of body is known as Adhimansa

Charaka has stated these two types. 

Aardra  are bleeding piles due to vitiation of Rakta and Pitta mainly

Shushka Arsha (Non bleeding pile masses) is due to vitiation of  Vata and Kapha.

According to site – 1.    Bahya  2.    Abhyantara

Ayurveda say Mandagni - Arshas, Grahani and Atisar are caustive factors for each other.

Treatment